Barley Price in Kobenhavn

"World" is the global benchmark price (World Bank Pink Sheet, monthly since 1960, where available). EU options are the European Commission's own weekly reference prices. The "United States" option is USDA NASS's monthly national figure. Currency conversion uses monthly ECB reference rates since 1999 (some currencies joined later) — for comparison, not precise historical FX accounting. "Bushel" uses the USDA/CBOT standard test weight for barley (21.77 kg) — bushels are a fixed weight that differs per grain, not a fixed volume. "Inflation-adjusted (real)" rescales each historical price to the purchasing power of the most recent month using the US CPI-U (Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, not seasonally adjusted) — applied the same way regardless of which currency a price is displayed in, since CPI-U measures general US price levels, not an exchange rate. A rough, standard way to compare prices across decades, not a substitute for a commodity-specific or country-specific deflator.